Friday, December 17, 2010

Theory of basic human values ده عامل اصلی در تصمیم گیری اقراد - شوارتز شالوم

Value:

Motivation:

Examples:



Achievement
موفقیت




Personal success through demonstrating
competence according to social standards.

Success: Achieving goals.

Capability: Competence, effectiveness,
efficiency.

Ambition: Hard work, aspirations.

Influence: Have an impact
on people and events.



Benevolence

خیر خواهی





Preserving and enhancing the welfare of those
with whom one is in frequent personal contact (the 'in-group').

Helpful: Working for the welfare of others.

Honesty: Genuineness,
sincerity.

Forgivingness: Willingness to pardon others.

Loyalty:
Faithful to my friends, group.


Responsibility: Dependable, reliable.


Conformity

پیروی از رسوم

یا

عقاید



Restraint of actions, inclinations, and
impulses likely to upset or harm others and violate social expectations
or norms.

Politeness: Courtesy, good manners.


Obedience: Dutiful, meet
obligations.

Self-discipline: Self-restraint, resistance to temptation.

Honor parents and elders: Showing respect.


Hedonism

لذت و ارضای

جسمی برای

خود



Pleasure and sensuous gratification for
oneself.

Pleasure: Gratification of desires.

Enjoyment in life: Enjoyment of
food, sex, leisure, and so on.


Power

قدرت



Social status and prestige, control or
dominance over people and resources.

Social power: Control over others, dominance.

Authority: The right to lead or command.

Wealth: Material possessions, money.




Security

امنیت





Safety, harmony, and stability of society, of
relationships, and of self.

Family security: Safety for loved ones.

National security:
Protection of my nation from enemies.

Social order: Stability of
society.

Cleanliness: Neatness, tidiness.

Reciprocation of favors:
Avoidance of indebtedness.




Self-Direction

خود مختاری




Independent thought and action; choosing,
creating, exploring.

Creativity: Uniqueness, imagination.

Freedom: Freedom of action and
thought.


Independence: Self-reliance, self-sufficiency.

Curiosity:
Interest in everything, exploration.

Choose own goals: Select own
purposes.


Stimulation

هیجان، تجدد، به دنبال تازه گشتن، به چالش کشیدن زندگش




Excitement, novelty, and challenge in life.

Daringness: Adventure-seeking, risk taking.

A varied life: Filled
with challenge, novelty, change.

An exciting life: Stimulating
experiences.




Tradition

سنت



Respect, commitment, and acceptance of the
customs and ideas that traditional culture or religion provide the self.

Humility: Modesty, self-effacement.

Acceptance of my portion in
life: Submission to life's circumstances.

Devotion: Hold to religious
faith and belief.

Respect for tradition: Preservation of time-honored
customs.

Moderation: Avoiding extremes of feeling or action.





Universalism

شناخت، درک، تحمل و مدارا، برای حفاظت از طیبعت و رفاه همه مردم





Understanding, appreciation, tolerance, and
protection for the welfare of all people and for nature.

Broadminded: Tolerant of different ideas and beliefs.

Wisdom: A
mature understanding of life.

Social justice: Correcting injustice, care
for the weak.


Equality: Equal opportunity for all.

A world at peace:
Free of war and conflict.

A world of beauty: Beauty of nature and the
arts.

Unity with nature: Fitting into nature.

Protecting the
environment: Preserving nature.

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